1. Nhazi nkeFibeAmplifiers
Enwere isi atọ ụdị amplifiers anya:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Ngwa ngwa eriri anya nke nwere ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, wdg), tumadi erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), yana thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) na praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), wdg.
(3) Ihe na-eme ka eriri eriri na-adịghị na ntanetị, tumadi eriri Raman amplifiers (FRA, Fiber Raman Amplifier).A na-egosipụta ntụnyere isi arụmọrụ nke amplifiers ndị a na tebụl
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Enwere ike ịmepụta usoro laser multi-level site na iji doping quartz fiber nwere ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa (dị ka Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, wdg), na ọkụ mgbama ntinye na-abawanye ozugbo n'okpuru ọrụ nke ọkụ mgbapụta.Mgbe inye nzaghachi kwesịrị ekwesị, a na-emepụta laser fiber.Ogologo ogologo ọrụ nke Nd-doped fiber amplifier bụ 1060nm na 1330nm, mmepe ya na ngwa ya na-ejedebe n'ihi ntụgharị site na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kacha mma nke nkwurịta okwu fiber optic na ihe ndị ọzọ.The arụ ọrụ wavelengths nke EDFA na PDFA bụ otu n'otu na windo nke kasị ala ọnwụ (1550nm) na efu dispersion wavelength (1300nm) nke ngwa anya fiber nkwurịta okwu, na TDFA na-arụ ọrụ na S-band, nke dị nnọọ adabara ngwa anya eriri nkwurịta okwu usoro ngwa. .Karịsịa EDFA, mmepe ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, dị irè.
NkePỌnụahịa kasị elu nke EDFA
E gosipụtara usoro nhazi nke EDFA na eserese 1 (a), bụ nke kachasị nke ihe na-arụsi ọrụ ike (erbium-doped silica fiber about iri iri mita n'ogologo, nke nwere isi dayameta nke 3-5 microns na ntinye doping nke (25). -1000) x10-6) , mgbapụta ọkụ isi iyi (990 ma ọ bụ 1480nm LD), ngwa anya coupler na ngwa anya isolator.Ìhè mgbaàmà na ọkụ mgbapụta nwere ike ịgbasa n'otu ụzọ ahụ (ịgba ụda codirectional), ntụziaka ndị ọzọ (mgbapụta mgbapụta) ma ọ bụ ụzọ abụọ (bidirectional pumping) na eriri erbium.Mgbe ọkụ mgbaàmà na ọkụ mgbapụta na-agbanye n'ime eriri erbium n'otu oge ahụ, ion erbium na-enwe obi ụtọ na ike dị elu n'okpuru ọrụ nke ọkụ mgbapụta (Njirimara 1 (b), usoro nke atọ), na ngwa ngwa rere ure na metastable ike larịị , mgbe ọ na-alaghachi na ala ala n'okpuru omume nke ìhè mgbaàmà merenụ, ọ na-ewepụta photons kwekọrọ na ìhè mgbaàmà, nke mere na mgbaàmà na-amụbawanye.Ọnụọgụ 1 (c) bụ ihe nrịbama ya na-eme ngwa ngwa (ASE) nwere nnukwu bandwit (ruo 20-40nm) yana ọnụ elu abụọ dabara na 1530nm na 1550nm n'otu n'otu.
Uru ndị bụ isi nke EDFA bụ uru dị elu, nnukwu bandwidth, ike mmepụta dị elu, nrụpụta mgbapụta dị elu, nkwụsị ntinye dị ala, na enweghị uche na steeti polarization.
2. Nsogbu na Fiber Optical Amplifiers
Ọ bụ ezie na ihe nrịbama anya (karịsịa EDFA) nwere ọtụtụ uru pụtara ìhè, ọ bụghị nkwalite dị mma.Na mgbakwunye na mkpọtụ ọzọ nke na-ebelata SNR nke mgbaàmà ahụ, e nwere ụfọdụ adịghị ike ndị ọzọ, dịka:
- Akwụghị ọtọ nke ụdị dị iche iche nke uru n'ime bandwidth amplifier na-emetụta arụmọrụ nkwalite ọwa ọtụtụ;
- Mgbe a na-atụgharị ngwa ngwa ngwa anya, mmetụta nke ụda ASE, mgbasa ozi fiber na mmetụta ndị na-adịghị na ya ga-agbakọta.
A ghaghị ịtụle okwu ndị a na ngwa na nhazi usoro.
3. Ngwa nke Optical Amplifier na Optical Fiber Communication System
Na ngwa anya eriri nkwurịta okwu usoro, naFiber Optical Amplifierenwere ike iji ya mee ihe ọ bụghị naanị dị ka onye na-ebuli elu ike nke onye na-ebufe ka ọ na-abawanye ike nnyefe, kamakwa dị ka onye na-ebu ụzọ nke onye na-anata ihe iji meziwanye mmetụta nke ịnata, ma nwee ike dochie omenala ngwa anya-electrical-optical repeater, iji gbasaa nnyefe ahụ. anya na-aghọta niile ngwa anya nkwurịta okwu.
Na usoro nkwurịta okwu fiber optic, isi ihe na-amachi anya nnyefe bụ mfu na mgbasa nke eriri anya.N'iji isi iyi ọkụ dị warara dị warara, ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ ogologo ikuku efu, mmetụta nke mgbasa nke eriri dị ntakịrị.Usoro a adịghị mkpa ịrụ nrụgharị oge mgbama zuru oke (3R relay) n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ọ bụla.O zuru ezu iji ngwa ngwa ngwa (1R relay) kwalite mgbama ngwa anya ozugbo.Enwere ike iji igwe amplifiers anya ọ bụghị naanị na sistemụ ogwe dị anya kamakwa na netwọk nkesa eriri anya, ọkachasị na sistemụ WDM, iji bulie ọtụtụ ọwa n'otu oge.
1) Ngwa nke ngwa ngwa ngwa n'ime sistemu nkwukọrịta nke eriri anya
Fig. 2 bụ schematic eserese nke ngwa nke ngwa anya amplifier na ogwe ngwa anya eriri nkwurịta okwu usoro.(a) foto a na-egosi na a na-eji ihe nrịbama anya dị ka ike na-ebuli elu nke onye na-ebufe ya na onye na-ebu ụzọ nke onye na-anata ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị agbagharị agbagharị okpukpu abụọ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịnakwere EDFA, nnyefe usoro anya nke 1.8Gb/s na-abawanye site na 120km ruo 250km ma ọ bụ ọbụna rute 400km.Ọnụọgụ 2 (b) - (d) bụ ngwa nke ngwa ngwa ngwa n'ime ọtụtụ usoro relay;Ọgụgụ (b) bụ usoro mgbagharị 3R ọdịnala;Ọgụgụ (c) bụ ngwakọta agbagharị agbagharị nke ndị na-emegharị 3R na ngwa ngwa anya;Onyonyo 2 (d) Ọ bụ ụdị mgbagharị ngwa anya niile;na usoro nkwurịta okwu ngwa anya niile, ọ naghị agụnye sekit oge na nhazigharị, ya mere ọ na-atụgharị ntakịrị, ọ dịghịkwa mmachi "electronic bottle whisker".Ọ bụrụhaala na a na-edochi ngwaọrụ izipu na ịnata na nsọtụ abụọ ahụ, Ọ dị mfe ịkwalite site na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala gaa na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu, na amplifier anya adịghị mkpa ka dochie ya.
2) Ngwa nke Optical Amplifier na Optical Fiber Distribution Network
Uru mmepụta ike dị elu nke ngwa ngwa anya (karịsịa EDFA) bara ezigbo uru na netwọk nkesa brọdband (dịka.CATVNetwọk).Netwọk CATV ọdịnala na-anabata eriri coaxial, nke kwesịrị ịgbasa kwa ọtụtụ narị mita, na redio ọrụ nke netwọkụ dị ihe dị ka 7km.Netwọk fiber optic CATV na-eji ngwa anya amplifiers nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọrụ kesara, kamakwa gbasaa ụzọ netwọkụ ahụ nke ukwuu.Ihe omume na-adịbeghị anya egosila na nkesa nke fiber optic / hybrid (HFC) na-adọta ike nke abụọ ma nwee asọmpi siri ike.
Ọgụgụ 4 bụ ihe atụ nke netwọk nkesa eriri anya maka AM-VSB modulation nke ọwa 35 nke TV.Isi iyi ọkụ nke transmitter bụ DFB-LD nwere ogologo wavelength nke 1550nm na ike mmepụta nke 3.3dBm.N'iji EDFA ọkwa 4 dị ka ihe nrịbama nkesa ike, ike ntinye ya dị ihe dịka -6dBm, ike mmepụta ya bụ ihe dịka 13dBm.Mmetụta nnata anya -9.2d Bm.Mgbe ọkwa nke 4 gasịrị, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọrụ ruru nde 4.2, na ụzọ netwọk ahụ karịrị iri puku kilomita.Oke mgbama na mkpọtụ ụda nke ule ahụ karịrị 45dB, EDFA emeghị ka mbelata na CSO.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-23-2023