Ebe ọ bụ na IPTV banyere n'ahịa na 1999, ọnụego uto ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbago. A na-atụ anya na ndị ọrụ IPTV zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru ihe karịrị nde 26 ka ọ na-erule 2008, yana mmụba kwa afọ nke ndị ọrụ IPTV na China site na 2003 ruo 2008 ga-eru 245%.
Dị ka nnyocha e mere, ikpeazụ kilomita nkeIPTVohere a na-ejikarị na DSL cable access mode, site na bandwit na nkwụsi ike na ihe ndị ọzọ, IPTV na mpi na nkịtị TV bụ na-adịghị mma, na USB ohere mode nke-ewu nke na-eri dị elu, okirikiri ogologo, na siri ike. Ya mere, otu esi edozi nsogbu ịnweta IPTV ikpeazụ-mile dị mkpa karịsịa.
WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-ability forMicrowave Access) bụ teknụzụ ịnweta ikuku brọdband dabere na usoro IEEE802.16, nke ji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ebe mmepe ọhụrụ maka teknụzụ ikuku ikuku metro. Ọ nwere ike dochie DSL dị adị na njikọ wired iji nye ụdị ekwentị mkpanaaka nke njikọ brọdband ikuku. N'ihi ọnụ ahịa ihe owuwu ya dị ala, arụmọrụ teknụzụ dị elu na ntụkwasị obi dị elu, ọ ga-abụ teknụzụ ka mma iji dozie nsogbu nnweta ikpeazụ nke IPTV.
2, ọnọdụ ugbu a nke teknụzụ ohere IPTV
Ugbu a, teknụzụ ohere a na-ejikarị na-enye ọrụ IPTV gụnyere ngwa ngwa DSL, FTTB, FTTH na teknụzụ nnweta waya ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ntinye ego dị ala n'iji usoro DSL dị ugbu a na-akwado ọrụ IPTV, 3/4 nke ndị na-ahụ maka telecom na Eshia na-eji igbe set-top gbanwee akara ngosi DSL na akara TV iji nye ọrụ IPTV.
Ihe kachasị mkpa nke onye na-ebu IPTV gụnyere VOD na mmemme TV. Iji hụ na nlele anya IPTV dị ka nke netwọk USB dị ugbu a, a chọrọ IPTV onye na-ebu netwọk iji nye nkwa na bandwidth, ọwa na-agbanwe oge, netwọk QoS, wdg, na akụkụ ndị a nke nkà na ụzụ DSL enweghị ike. iji mezuo ihe achọrọ nke IPTV, yana nkwado DSL maka multicast nwere oke. IPv4 protocol routers, anaghị akwado multicast. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro iwu ka nwere ohere maka ịkwalite teknụzụ DSL, enwere mgbanwe qualitative ole na ole na bandwit.
3, njirimara teknụzụ WiMAX
WiMAX bụ teknụzụ ịnweta ikuku brọdband dabere na ọkọlọtọ IEEE802.16, nke bụ ọkọlọtọ ikuku ikuku ọhụrụ nke akwadoro maka ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na igwe milimita. Ọ nwere ike na-enye ihe ruru 75Mbit/s ọnụego nnyefe, otu isi ọdụ mkpuchi ruo 50km. Emebere WiMAX maka ikuku LAN na-edozi nsogbu nke mile ikpeazụ nke ịnweta brọdband, a na-eji ya jikọọ Wi-Fi "ebe dị ọkụ" na ịntanetị, kamakwa iji jikọọ gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ na eriri azụ azụ. , nke enwere ike iji dị ka eriri na eriri DTH, enwere ike iji ya dị ka eriri na eriri DTH. Enwere ike iji ya jikọọ gburugburu dịka azụmahịa ma ọ bụ ụlọ na ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe ndọtị ikuku na eriri na DSL iji mee ka ikuku brọdband nweta ohere.
4, WiMAX na-aghọta wireless ohere nke IPTV
(1) Ihe ndị chọrọ IPTV na netwọk ịnweta
Akụkụ bụ isi nke ọrụ IPTV bụ mmekọrịta ya na ezigbo oge. Site na ọrụ IPTV, ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịnụ ụtọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi dijitalụ dị elu (nke dị nso na ọkwa DVD), ma nwee ike ịhọrọ mmemme vidiyo site na netwọk IP brọdband, na-achọpụta mmekọrịta dị ukwuu n'etiti ndị na-eweta mgbasa ozi na ndị na-azụ ahịa mgbasa ozi.
Iji jide n'aka na nlele anya IPTV dị ka nke netwọk USB dị ugbu a, a chọrọ netwọk ịnweta IPTV iji nwee ike ịnye nkwa n'ihe gbasara bandwit, ọwa na-agbanwe latency, netwọk QoS, na ihe ndị ọzọ. Na usoro nke onye ọrụ ohere bandwit, ojiji nke ẹdude n'ọtụtụ ebe na-eji teknụzụ nzuzo, ọrụ chọrọ dịkarịa ala 3 ~ 4Mbit / s downlink ohere bandwit, ma ọ bụrụ na nnyefe nke elu àgwà video, chọrọ bandwit dịkwa elu; na ọwa na-agbanwe oge igbu oge, iji hụ na ndị ọrụ IPTV na-agbanwe n'etiti ọwa dị iche iche na TV nkịtị na-agbanwe otu ọrụ ahụ, ntinye nke ọrụ IPTV na-achọ ma ọ dịkarịa ala digital Subscriber line access multiplexing equipment (DSLAM) iji kwado teknụzụ multicast IP; na usoro nke netwọk QoS, iji gbochie mfu ngwugwu, jitter na mmetụta ndị ọzọ na àgwà nke ikiri IPTV.
(2) Tụnyere usoro ịnweta WiMAX na usoro ịnweta DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx
DSL, n'ihi mmachi nka nka nke ya, a ka nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu n'ihe gbasara anya, ọnụego na ọpụpụ. E jiri ya tụnyere DSL, WiMAX nwere ike kpuchie mpaghara buru ibu, na-enye ọnụego data ngwa ngwa, nwee nnukwu scalability na nkwa QoS dị elu.
Tụnyere Wi-Fi, WiMAX nwere teknuzu uru nke wider mkpuchi, wider band mmegharị, ike scalability, elu QoS na nche, wdg Wi-Fi dabeere na Ikuku Local Area Network (WLAN) ọkọlọtọ, na-tumadi-eji maka. Ịnweta ịntanetị/Intranet dị nso-ekesa n'ime ụlọ, n'ọfịs, ma ọ bụ ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ; WiMAX dabere na WiMAX ikuku dabere na ọkọlọtọ mpaghara mpaghara ikuku ikuku (WMAN), nke a na-ejikarị maka ọrụ ịnweta data dị elu n'okpuru ekwentị mkpanaaka na obere ọsọ.
FTTB+LAN, dị ka usoro ịnweta brọdband dị elu, na-arụ ọrụIPTVọrụ na-enweghị ọtụtụ nsogbu na teknụzụ, ma ọ na-ejedebe site na nsogbu nke agbakwunyere wiring n'ime ụlọ ahụ, ọnụ ahịa ntinye na nnyefe nnyefe kpatara site na eriri eriri agbagọ. Njirimara mgbasa ozi na-adịghị ahụ anya nke WiMAX, ntinye mgbanwe na nhazi nhazi, ọrụ QoS dị mma na nchekwa siri ike na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ dị mma maka IPTV.
(3) Uru nke WiMAX n'ịmata ohere ikuku na IPTV
Site n'iji WiMAX atụnyere DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx, enwere ike ịhụ na WiMAX bụ nhọrọ kacha mma n'ịghọta ohere IPTV. N'ihe dị ka nke May 2006, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị òtù WiMAX Forum toro ruo 356, na ihe karịrị ndị ọrụ 120 gburugburu ụwa abanyela na nzukọ ahụ. WiMAX ga-abụ teknụzụ kachasị mma iji dozie mile ikpeazụ nke IPTV. WiMAX ga-abụkwa ihe ọzọ dị mma karịa DSL na Wi-Fi.
(4) Mmezu WiMAX nke ịnweta IPTV
IEEE802.16-2004 ọkọlọtọ na-tumadi gbakwasara na ofu ọnụ ọnụ, kacha nnyefe anya bụ 7 ~ 10km, na ya nkwurịta okwu band bụ ala karịa 11GHz, nakweere nhọrọ ọwa usoro, na bandwit nke ọ bụla ọwa bụ n'etiti 1.25 ~ 20MHz. Mgbe bandwit bụ 20 MHz, ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha elu nke IEEE 802.16a nwere ike iru 75 Mbit/s, n'ozuzu 40 Mbit/s; mgbe bandwit bụ 10 MHz, ọ nwere ike inye nkezi nnyefe ọnụego nke 20 Mbit / s.
Netwọk WiMAX na-akwado ụdị azụmaahịa mara mma. Ọrụ data nke ọnụego dị iche iche bụ isi ebumnuche nke netwọkụ ahụ.WiMAX na-akwado ọkwa QoS dị iche iche, ya mere mkpuchi netwọkụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ụdị ọrụ ahụ. N'ihe gbasara ịnweta IPTV. n'ihi na IPTV chọrọ ọkwa QoS dị elu yana ọnụego nnyefe data dị elu. ya mere a na-edozi netwọk WiMAX nke ọma dịka ọnụọgụ ndị ọrụ na mpaghara na mkpa ha si dị. Mgbe ndị ọrụ na-abanye na netwọk IPTV. Ọ dịghị mkpa na-eme wiring ọzọ, naanị mkpa ka ịgbakwunye WiMAX na-enweta akụrụngwa na IP set-top igbe, otú ndị ọrụ nwere ike iji IPTV ọrụ adaba na ngwa ngwa.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, IPTV bụ azụmahịa na-apụta nke nwere nnukwu ahịa ahịa, mmepe ya ka dị obere. Usoro nke mmepe ya n'ọdịnihu bụ ijikọ ọrụ IPTV na ọnụ ọnụ, TV ga-aghọkwa ọnụ ụlọ dijitalụ zuru oke na nkwurịta okwu na ọrụ ịntanetị. Ma IPTV iji nweta ọganihu n'eziokwu, ọ bụghị naanị iji dozie nsogbu ọdịnaya, kamakwa iji dozie nkwụsị nke kilomita ikpeazụ.
Oge nzipu: Dec-05-2024